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Marilyn Monroe war eine US-amerikanische Filmschauspielerin und Sängerin, Fotomodel und Filmproduzentin. Sie wurde in den er Jahren zum Weltstar, ist heute eine Filmikone und gilt als archetypisches Sexsymbol des Jahrhunderts. Juni in Los Angeles, Kalifornien, als Norma Jeane Mortenson, kirchlich registrierter Taufname Norma Jeane Baker; † 5. August in Brentwood, Los. Über Wikipedia · Impressum · Wikipedia. Suchen. Norma Jean Baker. Sprache; Beobachten · Bearbeiten. Weiterleitung nach: Marilyn Monroe. Abgerufen von. Norma Jean Baker starb vor 50 Jahren, doch der Mythos Marilyn Monroe ist lebendiger denn je. - Bild 1. Den wohl bekanntesten trägt Marilyn Monroe. Ihr eigentlicher Name laute Norma Jeane Baker oder auch Norma Jeane Mortenson. Bild 1 von Zurück. - Erkunde Katharina Schröders Pinnwand „Norma Jean Baker“ auf Pinterest. Weitere Ideen zu Norma jeane, Marilyn monroe, Schöne hintern. In , a nineteen year-old aspiring actress in Hollywood was in need of a job, and fast. Born Norma Jean Dougherty, destined to become Marilyn Monroe, but.
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In April , Dougherty was shipped out to the Pacific , and he would remain there for most of the next two years. As a model, Monroe occasionally used the name Jean Norman.
Camera , Laff , and Peek. Through Snively, Monroe signed a contract with an acting agency in June Head executive Darryl F. Zanuck was unenthusiastic about it, [54] but he gave her a standard six-month contract to avoid her being signed by rival studio RKO Pictures.
Monroe had no film roles during the first six months and instead dedicated her days to acting, singing and dancing classes. Scudda Hay! Monroe was determined to make it as an actress, and continued studying at the Actors' Lab.
In October , she appeared as a blonde vamp in the play Glamour Preferred at the Bliss-Hayden Theater , but it ended after only a few performances.
Schenck , who persuaded his friend Harry Cohn , the head executive of Columbia Pictures , to sign her in March While at Fox, Monroe was given "girl next door" roles; at Columbia, she was modeled after Rita Hayworth.
Their relationship soon became sexual and he proposed marriage, but Monroe refused. She appeared in advertisements for Pabst beer and posed in artistic nudes for John Baumgarth calendars using the name 'Mona Monroe' ; both sessions were shot by Tom Kelley.
Although she then contained the resulting scandal by claiming she had reluctantly posed nude due to an urgent need for cash, biographers Spoto and Banner have stated that she was not pressured although according to Banner, she was initially hesitant due to her aspirations of movie stardom and regarded the shoot as simply another work assignment.
Monroe found herself at the center of a scandal in March , when she revealed that she had posed for nude pictures in , which were now featured in a calendar.
In the wake of the scandal, Monroe was featured on the cover of Life as the "Talk of Hollywood" and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper declared her the "cheesecake queen" turned "box office smash".
Despite her newfound popularity as a sex symbol, Monroe also wished to show more of her acting range. She had begun taking acting classes with Michael Chekhov and mime Lotte Goslar soon after beginning the Fox contract, [90] and Clash by Night and Don't Bother to Knock showed her in more nuanced roles.
Monroe's three other films in continued with her typecasting in comic roles that focused on her sex appeal. In We're Not Married!
Henry's Full House , she had a minor role as a sex worker. During this period, Monroe gained a reputation for being difficult to work with, which would worsen as her career progressed.
She was often late or did not show up at all, did not remember her lines, and would demand several re-takes before she was satisfied with her performance.
Monroe starred in three movies that were released in and emerged as a major sex symbol and one of Hollywood's most bankable performers.
When Niagara was released in January , women's clubs protested it as immoral, but it proved popular with audiences.
While Niagara made Monroe a sex symbol and established her "look", her second film of , the satirical musical comedy Gentlemen Prefer Blondes , cemented her screen persona as a "dumb blonde".
Monroe's role was originally intended for Betty Grable , who had been 20th Century-Fox's most popular " blonde bombshell " in the s; Monroe was fast eclipsing her as a star who could appeal to both male and female audiences.
It was the second film ever released in CinemaScope , a widescreen format that Fox hoped would draw audiences back to theaters as television was beginning to cause losses to film studios.
Monroe had become one of 20th Century-Fox's biggest stars, but her contract had not changed since , meaning that she was paid far less than other stars of her stature and could not choose her projects.
Zanuck, who had a strong personal dislike of her and did not think she would earn the studio as much revenue in other types of roles. This was front-page news, and Monroe immediately took action to counter negative publicity.
Marines over a four-day period. In April , Otto Preminger 's western River of No Return , the last film that Monroe had filmed prior to the suspension, was released.
She called it a " Z-grade cowboy movie in which the acting finished second to the scenery and the CinemaScope process", but it was popular with audiences.
In September , Monroe began filming Billy Wilder 's comedy The Seven Year Itch , starring opposite Tom Ewell as a woman who becomes the object of her married neighbor's sexual fantasies.
Although the film was shot in Hollywood, the studio decided to generate advance publicity by staging the filming of a scene in which Monroe is standing on a subway grate with the air blowing up the skirt of her white dress on Lexington Avenue in Manhattan.
The publicity stunt placed Monroe on international front pages, and it also marked the end of her marriage to DiMaggio, who was infuriated by it.
After filming for The Seven Year Itch wrapped up in November , Monroe left Hollywood for the East Coast, where she and photographer Milton Greene founded their own production company, Marilyn Monroe Productions MMP —an action that has later been called "instrumental" in the collapse of the studio system.
She took classes with Constance Collier and attended workshops on method acting at the Actors Studio , run by Lee Strasberg. Monroe continued her relationship with DiMaggio despite the ongoing divorce process; she also dated actor Marlon Brando and playwright Arthur Miller.
By the end of the year, Monroe and Fox signed a new seven-year contract, as MMP would not be able to finance films alone, and the studio was eager to have Monroe working for them again.
Monroe began by announcing her win over 20th Century-Fox. In March, Monroe began filming the drama Bus Stop , her first film under the new contract.
For the role, she learned an Ozark accent , chose costumes and make-up that lacked the glamour of her earlier films, and provided deliberately mediocre singing and dancing.
Bus Stop was released in August and became critical and commercial success. Marilyn Monroe has finally proved herself an actress. Monroe also experienced other problems during the production.
Her dependence on pharmaceuticals escalated and, according to Spoto, she had a miscarriage. After returning from England, Monroe took an month hiatus to concentrate on family life.
In the end, Wilder was happy with Monroe's performance and stated: "Anyone can remember lines, but it takes a real artist to come on the set and not know her lines and yet give the performance she did!
The last film that Monroe completed was John Huston's The Misfits , which Miller had written to provide her with a dramatic role.
The filming in the Nevada desert between July and November was again difficult. It was the real thing. She would go deep down within herself and find it and bring it up into consciousness.
Monroe and Miller separated after filming wrapped, and she obtained a Mexican divorce in January Geoff Andrew of the British Film Institute has called it a classic, [] Huston scholar Tony Tracy has described Monroe's performance the "most mature interpretation of her career", [] and Geoffrey McNab of The Independent has praised her for being "extraordinary" in portraying the character's "power of empathy".
Monroe was next to star in a television adaptation of W. Somerset Maugham 's Rain for NBC , but the project fell through as the network did not want to hire her choice of director, Lee Strasberg.
She underwent a cholecystectomy and surgery for her endometriosis, and spent four weeks hospitalized for depression. President " on stage at President John F.
Monroe next filmed a scene for Something's Got to Give in which she swam naked in a swimming pool. This was the first time that a major star had posed nude at the height of their career.
Fox soon regretted its decision and re-opened negotiations with Monroe later in June; a settlement about a new contract, including re-commencing Something's Got to Give and a starring role in the black comedy What a Way to Go!
Her housekeeper Eunice Murray was staying overnight at the home on the evening of August 4, She saw light from under Monroe's bedroom door, but was unable to get a response and found the door locked.
Murray then called Monroe's psychiatrist, Dr. Ralph Greenson , who arrived at the house shortly after and broke into the bedroom through a window to find Monroe dead in her bed.
Monroe's sudden death was front-page news in the United States and Europe. In the following decades, several conspiracy theories , including murder and accidental overdose, have been introduced to contradict suicide as the cause of Monroe's death.
The s had been the heyday for actresses who were perceived as tough and smart—such as Katharine Hepburn and Barbara Stanwyck —who had appealed to women-dominated audiences during the war years.
From the beginning, Monroe played a significant part in the creation of her public image, and towards the end of her career exerted almost full control over it.
In her films, Monroe usually played "the girl", who is defined solely by her gender. In press stories, Monroe was portrayed as the embodiment of the American Dream , a girl who had risen from a miserable childhood to Hollywood stardom.
Although Monroe's screen persona as a dim-witted but sexually attractive blonde was a carefully crafted act, audiences and film critics believed it to be her real personality.
This became an obstacle when she wanted to pursue other kinds of roles, or to be respected as a businesswoman.
The biggest myth is that she was dumb. The second is that she was fragile. The third is that she couldn't act.
She was far from dumb, although she was not formally educated, and she was very sensitive about that. But she was very smart indeed—and very tough.
She had to be both to beat the Hollywood studio system in the s. Such a good actress that no one now believes she was anything but what she portrayed on screen.
Biographer Lois Banner has written that Monroe often subtly parodied her status as a sex symbol in her films and public appearances, [] and that "the 'Marilyn Monroe' character she created was a brilliant archetype, who stands between Mae West and Madonna in the tradition of twentieth-century gender tricksters.
According to Dyer, Monroe became "virtually a household name for sex" in the s and "her image has to be situated in the flux of ideas about morality and sexuality that characterised the Fifties in America", such as Freudian ideas about sex, the Kinsey report , and Betty Friedan 's The Feminine Mystique Dyer has also argued that Monroe's blonde hair became her defining feature because it made her "racially unambiguous" and exclusively white just as the civil rights movement was beginning, and that she should be seen as emblematic of racism in twentieth-century popular culture.
Monroe was perceived as a specifically American star, "a national institution as well known as hot dogs, apple pie, or baseball" according to Photoplay.
If America was to export the democracy of glamour into post-war, impoverished Europe, the movies could be its shop window Marilyn Monroe, with her all American attributes and streamlined sexuality, came to epitomise in a single image this complex interface of the economic, the political, and the erotic.
By the mid s, she stood for a brand of classless glamour, available to anyone using American cosmetics, nylons and peroxide.
Twentieth Century-Fox further profited from Monroe's popularity by cultivating several lookalike actresses, such as Jayne Mansfield and Sheree North.
The Smithsonian Institution has included her on their list of " Most Significant Americans of All Time", [] and both Variety and VH1 have placed her in the top ten in their rankings of the greatest popular culture icons of the twentieth century.
Hundreds of books have been written about Monroe. She has been the subject of films, plays, operas, and songs, and has influenced artists and entertainers such as Andy Warhol and Madonna.
Monroe's enduring popularity is linked to her conflicted public image. Due to the contrast between her stardom and troubled private life, Monroe is closely linked to broader discussions about modern phenomena such as mass media, fame, and consumer culture.
Monroe remains a cultural icon, but critics are divided on her legacy as an actress. David Thomson called her body of work "insubstantial" [] and Pauline Kael wrote that she could not act, but rather "used her lack of an actress's skills to amuse the public.
She had the wit or crassness or desperation to turn cheesecake into acting—and vice versa; she did what others had the 'good taste' not to do". From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Redirected from Norma Jean Baker. For other uses, see Norma Jean disambiguation and Marilyn Monroe disambiguation. American actress, model, and singer.
Los Angeles , California, U. James Dougherty. Joe DiMaggio. Arthur Miller. Up in front, there with the screen so big, a little kid all alone, and I loved it.
Monroe as a 20th Century-Fox contract player in She had two small film roles while under contract and was let go after a year. Studio publicity photo.
Monroe as Rose Loomis in the film noir Niagara , which dwelt on her sex appeal. Monroe and co-star Jane Russell after pressing their hands in wet concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theatre.
Main article: Death of Marilyn Monroe. I always thought symbols were those things you clash together! That's the trouble, a sex symbol becomes a thing.
I just hate to be a thing. But if I'm going to be a symbol of something I'd rather have it sex than some other things they've got symbols of.
Main article: Marilyn Monroe in popular culture. Main article: Marilyn Monroe performances and awards. Dangerous Years Scudda Hoo!
She told him about her grievances with the studio, and Greene suggested that they start their own production company. Although they sometimes had casual sexual encounters, there is no evidence that their relationship was serious.
Los Angeles Times. Tribune Publishing. Archived from the original on September 25, Retrieved September 23, The Guardian. Guardian Media Group.
Archived from the original on November 4, Retrieved October 21, Wartime Press. Archived from the original on August 7, Retrieved January 13, Retrieved September 11, Chicago Tribune.
Retrieved October 18, American Film Institute. Retrieved August 8, The New York Times. Penske Media Corporation.
December 31, Grace Goddard eventually took Marilyn back to live with her in although this stay did not last long as Grace's husband began molesting Marilyn.
Marilyn went to live with Grace's Aunt Ana after this incident, although due to Aunt Ana's advanced age she could not care properly for Marilyn.
Marilyn once again for the third time had to return to live with the Goddards. The Goddards planned to relocated and according to law, could not take Marilyn with them.
She only had two choices: return to the orphanage or get married. Marilyn was only 16 years old. She decided to marry a neighborhood friend named James Dougherty; he went into the military, she modeled, they divorced in Joseph L.
Mankiewicz saw her in a small part in The Asphalt Jungle and put her in All About Eve , resulting in 20th Century re-signing her to a seven-year contract.
Niagara and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes launched her as a sex symbol superstar. When she went to a supper honoring her in the The Seven Year Itch , she arrived in a red chiffon gown borrowed from the studio she had never owned a gown.
That same year, she married and divorced baseball great Joe DiMaggio their wedding night was spent in Paso Robles, California. She worked with director Lee Strasberg and also underwent psychoanalysis to learn more about herself.
Critics praised her transformation in Bus Stop and the press was stunned by her marriage to playwright Arthur Miller. True to form, she had no veil to match her beige wedding dress so she dyed one in coffee; he wore one of the two suits he owned.
They went to England that fall where she made The Prince and the Showgirl with Laurence Olivier , fighting with him and falling further prey to alcohol and pills.
Two miscarriages and gynecological surgery followed. So did an affair with Yves Montand. Work on her last picture The Misfits , written for her by departing husband Miller was interrupted by exhaustion.
She was dropped from the unfinished Something's Got to Give due to chronic lateness and drug dependency. On August 4, , Marilyn Monroe's day began with threatening phone calls.
Ralph Greenson, Marilyn's physician, came over the following day and quoted later in a document "felt it was possible that Marilyn Monroe had felt rejected by some of the people she had been close to".
Apart from being upset that her publicist slept too long, she seemed fine. Pat Newcombe, who had stayed the previous night at Marilyn's house, left in the early evening as did Greenson who had a dinner date.
Marilyn was upset he couldn't stay, and around pm she telephoned him while she was to tell him that her second husband's son had called him.
Peter Lawford also called Marilyn, inviting her to dinner, but she declined. Lawford later said her speech was slurred.
As the dark and depressing evening for Marilyn wore on there were other phone calls, including one from Jose Belanos, who said he thought she sounded fine.
According to the funeral directors, Marilyn died sometime between pm and pm. Her maid unable to raise her but seeing a light under her locked door, called the police shortly after midnight.
She also phoned Ralph Greenson who, on arrival, could not break down the bedroom door. He eventually broke in through French windows and found Marilyn dead in bed.
The coroner stated she had died from acute barbiturate poisoning, and it was a 'probable suicide'. Prior to her birth, Marilyn's father bought a motorcycle and headed north to San Francisco, abandoning the family in Los Angeles.
Marilyn grew up not knowing for sure who her father really was. Her mother, Gladys, had entered into several relationships, further confusing her daughter as to who it was who fathered her.
Poverty was a constant companion to Gladys and Norma. Gladys, who was extremely attractive and worked for R. Studios as a film-cutter, suffered from mental illness and was in and out of mental institutions for the rest of her life, and because of that Norma Jeane spent time in foster homes.
When she was nine, she was placed in an orphanage where she was to stay for the next two years. Upon being released from the orphanage, she went to yet another foster home.
In , at sixteen years old, Norma Jeane married twenty-one-year-old aircraft plant worker James Dougherty. The marriage only lasted four years, and they divorced in By this time, Marilyn began to model swimsuits and bleached her hair blonde.
Various shots made their way into the public eye, where some were eventually seen by R. Pictures head Howard Hughes.
He offered Marilyn a screen test, but an agent suggested that 20th Century-Fox would be the better choice for her, since it was a much bigger and more prestigious studio.
Her first film was in with a bit part in The Shocking Miss Pilgrim Her next production was not much better, a bit in the eminently forgettable Scudda Hoo!
Scudda Hay! Two of the three brief scenes in which she appeared wound up on the cutting room floor. Later that same year, she was given a somewhat better role as Evie in Dangerous Years However, Fox declined to renew her contract, so she went back to modeling and acting school.
Columbia Pictures then picked her up to play Peggy Martin in Ladies of the Chorus , where she sang two numbers. Notices from the critics were favorable for her, if not the film, but Columbia dropped her.
Once again Marilyn returned to modeling. In , she appeared in United Artists' Love Happy It was also that same year she posed nude for the now famous calendar shot which was later to appear in Playboy magazine in and further boost her career.
She would be the first centerfold in that magazine's long and illustrious history. The next year proved to be a good year for Marilyn.
Even though both roles were basically not much more than bit parts, movie fans remembered her dizzy but very sexy blonde performance.
In , Marilyn got a fairly sizable role in Love Nest The public was now getting to know her and liked what it saw. She had an intoxicating quality of volcanic sexuality wrapped in an aura of almost childlike innocence.
In , Marilyn appeared in Don't Bother to Knock , in which she played a somewhat mentally unbalanced babysitter. Critics didn't particularly care for her work in this picture, but she made a much more favorable impression later in the year in Monkey Business , where she was seen for the first time as a platinum blonde, a look that became her trademark.
It was also the same year she began dating the baseball great Joe DiMaggio. Marilyn was now a genuine box-office drawing card. Although her co-stars got the rave reviews, it was the sight of Marilyn that really excited the audience, especially the male members.
That was quickly followed by The Seven Year Itch , which showcased her considerable comedic talent and contained what is arguably one of the most memorable moments in cinema history: Marilyn standing above a subway grating and the wind from a passing subway blowing her white dress up.
By October , Marilyn announced her divorce from DiMaggio. The union lasted only eight months. It was her second suspension, the first being for not reporting for the production of The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing Both roles went to others.
Her work was slowing down, due to her habit of being continually late to the set, her illnesses whether real or imagined and generally being unwilling to cooperate with her producers, directors, and fellow actors.
However in Bus Stop , Marilyn finally showed critics that she could play a straight dramatic role. It was also the same year she married playwright, Arthur Miller they divorced in In , Marilyn flew to Britain to film The Prince and the Showgirl which proved less than impressive critically and financially.
It made money, but many critics panned it for being slow-moving. The film was an absolute smash hit, with Curtis and Lemmon pretending to be females in an all-girl band, so they can get work.
This was to be Marilyn's only film for the year. Again, while it made money, it was critically panned as stodgy and slow-moving.
The following year, Marilyn made what was to be her final film. The Misfits , which also proved to be the final film for the legendary Clark Gable , who died later that year of a heart attack.
The film was popular with critics and the public alike. Again, her absenteeism caused delay after delay in production, resulting in her being fired from the production in June of that year.
It looked as though her career was finished. Studios just didn't want to take a chance on her because it would cost them thousands of dollars in delays.
She was only thirty-six years old. Marilyn acted in only thirty films, but her legendary status and mysticism will remain with film history for ever.
Sign In. Edit Marilyn Monroe. Showing all items. Was roommates with Shelley Winters when they were both starting out in Hollywood. Voted Empire's UK "sexiest female movie star of all time" in She was Playboy's first "Sweetheart of the Month" in December Marianne Kris, her psychoanalyst.
When Dr. Started using the name Marilyn Monroe in , but did not legally change it until Given a dog she named Tippy by foster father Albert Bolender.
In her final, unfinished film Something's Got to Give , the dog was also named Tippy. Chosen by Empire magazine as one of the Sexiest Stars in film history 2.
Hugh Hefner owned the closest burial vault next to hers. She had a phone in one of her hands, her body was completely nude and face down, on her bed.
Ex-husband Joe DiMaggio put fresh roses at her memorial site, for numerous years after her death. When putting her imprints at Grauman's she joked that Jane Russell was best known for her large front-side and she was known for her wiggly walk, so Jane could lean over, and she could sit in it.
It was only a joke, but she dotted the "I" in her name with a rhinestone, which was stolen within days. Redheaded actress Tina Louise played the character role of Ginger Grant on the television series Gilligan's Island , was loosely based on her personality, but a different hair color.
During the filming of Niagara , she was still under contract as a stock actor, thus, she received less salary than her make-up man. This was also the only film in which her character died.
The film was reworked to highlight her after Anne Bancroft withdrew. Often carried around the book, "The Biography of Abraham Lincoln.
Was an outstanding player on the Hollygrove Orphanage softball team. Because the bathing suit she wore in the movie Love Nest was so risque for the time period and caused such a commotion on the set, director Joseph M.
Newman had to make it a closed set when she was filming. Fearing blemishes and sweat, she washed her face fifteen times a day. She was suggested as a possible wife for Prince Rainier of Monaco.
But he picked actress, Grace Kelly , to be his wife. The first time she signed an autograph as Marilyn Monroe, she had to ask how to spell it.
She didn't know where to put the "i" in "Marilyn". Suffered from endometriosis, a condition in which tissues of the uterus lining endometrium leave the uterus, attach themselves to other areas of the body, and grow, causing pain, irregular bleeding, and, in severe cases, infertility.
Divorced last husband, Arthur Miller , in Juarez, Mexico. Married Arthur Miller twice: the 1st time in a civil ceremony, then in a Jewish to which she had converted ceremony two days later.
Won an interlocutory decree from Joe DiMaggio on Wednesday, October 27th, , but, under California law, the divorce was not finalized until exactly one year later.
Offered to convert to Catholism in order to marry Joe DiMaggio in a Church ceremony, but she was turned down because she was divorced. The boy died, and Gladys returned to California.
In , Elton John released a single in tribute to her entitled "Candle in the Wind". In , it was re-recorded with updated lyrics in memory of Princess Diana , becoming the UK's best-selling single of all time.
Def Leppard 's single "Photograph" from their "Pyromania" album was also written about Monroe. Her behavior on the unfinished Something's Got to Give dimmed her reputation in the industry, but she was still big box office at the time of her death.
What a Way to Go! When she was told that she was not the star in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes she verbally said "Well whatever I am, I'm still the blonde.
The famous nude photo of her by Tom Kelley originally appeared as anonymous on a calendar entitled "Miss Golden Dreams. Neither Kelley or Monroe ever saw a dime of the millions the calendar made for its publisher.
Greene , on December 31, Appears on sleeve of The Beatles ' "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" album. She was one of the plant's employees.
She left her job and signed with Emmeline Snively 's modeling agency. Was referenced in the dialogue of La Dolce Vita , in the context of dieting.
When she wasn't acting, she preferred to wear nothing but a bathrobe and occasionally a bikini. The punk band The Misfits created or picked their name from the last movie title she acted in, The Misfits Featured on a 1.
The very popular version of "Santa Baby" also found in the film, Party Monster thought to be sung by her was instead recorded by Cynthia Basinet for Jack Nicholson as a Christmas gift.
Ten days in advance, on Saturday, May 19th, , she performed for U. President John F. Kennedy at his 45th birthday tribute in his honor at Madison Square Garden.
She sang "Happy Birthday". Kennedy's real birthday was May 29th. After discovering her dress was torn, at the Academy Awards, she burst into tears.
The dress Marilyn Monroe wore to serenade John F. Kennedy , on May 19, at his birthday celebration was so tight, that it had to be sewn onto her.
She had to sit still for approximately an hour. One of the first Los Angeles natives to become a major movie star. Aside from her birth name of Norma Jeane Mortenson, she was baptized and mainly known throughout her life as Norma Jeane Baker.
During her modeling days she was also known as Norma Jeane Dougherty her first marriage name , and also as Jean Norman. When she signed with 20th Century-Fox, studio casting executive Ben Lyon had first chosen the name Carol Lind as her stage name, although she disliked that.
Eventually she chose her mother's maiden name of Monroe. Three names were drawn up as possible stage names. The first was Norma Jeane Monroe, although that sounded awkward; the second was Jean Monroe, and the third was Marilyn Monroe, the latter first name being chosen by Lyon who thought Norma Jeane resembled famed stage actress Marilyn Miller.
Norma Jeane liked Jean Monroe, for it preserved some of her name, but Lyon convinced her that Marilyn Monroe sounded more alliterative and so it was chosen.
She took acting lessons from Michael Chekhov. A review into the original inquest of Marilyn's death, conducted on its year anniversary, concluded that the actress committed suicide or accidentally overdosed, and was not murdered--rumors that were fueled by the sloppy handling of evidence, the delay in securing the scene and the disappearance of tissue samples.
In , actress Veronica Hamel and her husband became the new owners of Marilyn's Brentwood home. They hired a contractor to replace the roof and remodel the house, and the contractor discovered a sophisticated eavesdropping and telephone tapping system that covered every room in the house.
The components were not commercially available in , but were in the words of a retired Justice Department official, "standard FBI issue.
Edgar Hoover believed that President Kennedy and his brother, Attorney General Robert Kennedy who was Hoover's boss were threats to national security because of their dalliances with Monroe and with Judith Exner, who was also a girlfriend of a Mafia boss.
This bugging equipment led to Hoover's rumored blackmailing of the Kennedy brothers. Was good friends with Dorothy Dandridge and Ava Gardner when they were all young, struggling actresses in Hollywood.
When budding actresses Shelley Winters and Marilyn were roommates in the late s in Hollywood, Shelley said that one day she had to step out and asked Marilyn to "wash the lettuce" for a salad they were to share for dinner.
When Shelley got back to the apartment, Marilyn was apparently new to the art of cooking had the leaves of lettuce in a small tub of soapy water and was scrubbing them clean.
She had not heard of the phrase before either, or did not know it's true meaning. Her real father was Charles Stanley Gifford.
Coincidentally, this is how her character was murdered in Niagara Don't Bother to Knock her 18th film was an attempt to prove to critics that she could act successfully.
Because some earlier films took numerous takes and much longer time to complete. Especially, The Seven Year Itch which took numerous extra takes, for her character role, alone.
In Italy, her films were dubbed at the beginning of her career by Miranda Bonansea. As she matured she was dubbed by the marvellous and prolific Rosetta Calavetta with immense success, particularly in Some Like It Hot Her lifelong bouts with depression and self-destruction took their toll during filming The Seven Year Itch She frequently muffed scenes and forgot her lines, leading to sometimes as many as 40 takes of a scene before a satisfactory result was produced.
The film still managed to make a nice profit. The classic shot of her dress blowing up around her legs as she stands over a subway grating in this film was originally shot on Manhattan's Lexington Avenue at 52nd St.
Five thousand onlookers whistled and cheered through take after take as Marilyn repeatedly missed her lines.
This occurred in presence of an increasingly embarrassed and angry Joe DiMaggio her husband at the time; the nine-month-old marriage officially ended during the shooting of this film.
The original footage shot on that night in New York never made it to the screen; the noise of the crowd had made it unusable.
Director Billy Wilder re-shot the scene on the 20th Century-Fox lot, on a set replicating Lexington Avenue, and got a more satisfactory result.
However, it took another 40 takes for Marilyn to achieve the famous scene. Amazingly, her very narrow spike heels don't get stuck or break in the subway grating, although this was a universal problem at the time for the countless women wearing that very popular style heel in New York City in that era.
An important promotional campaign was released for this mainstream motion picture, including a foot-high cutout of Marilyn from the blowing dress scene erected in front of Loews State Theater, in New York City's Times Square.
The movie premiere was on June 1, , which was also her 29th birthday. Was originally set to play Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany's , but Audrey Hepburn played the role instead.
Producer Arthur P. Jacobs was her publicist and J. Lee Thompson was on her list of approved directors. She resided at the Hollywood Roosevelt while she was breaking into the acting business.
Her "Happy Birthday Mr. Her classic shape, according to her dressmaker, is actually measured at In , she signed her first studio contract with 20th Century Fox and dyed her hair.
Spent most of her early childhood in foster homes and orphanages because her mother was committed to a mental institution. Later, she lived with her mother's best friend, Grace McKee, and her family.
McKee, a big fan of Jean Harlow , allowed her to wear make-up and curl her hair and, when she was 15, it was McKee who pierced her ears for her using a sewing needle.
At 16, when McKee could no longer take care of her, she got married to avoid returning to the orphanage. Producer Keya Morgan owns her Bible.
When she married Joe DiMaggio , the couple moved into a home at N. She tried 9 different shades of blonde hair color before settling on platinum blonde.
Her personal library contained over books on topics ranging from art to history, psychology, philosophy, literature, religion, poetry, and gardening.
Many of the volumes, auctioned in , bore her pencil notations in the margins. Nearly 11 years after her death, she appeared on the cover of the Tuesday, July 17th, edition of "Time Magazine" in a full-color portrait taken by Bert Stern , from the last photographic sitting before her death.
The cover-story heralds the publication of "Marilyn," the biography of her by Norman Mailer. Mailer reportedly was displeased that "Time" chose to play up Monroe and diminish him, visually on the cover.
The publication of the coffee table biography, which contained many photographs including several by Stern, was a major event of that publishing season.
The level of Nembutal in her bloodstream was 4. Her last film Something's Got to Give , was finally released in In the swimming pool scene, Marilyn reveals much more to the camera than she did in her then controversial calendar photo from the early s.
Was in consideration for the part of Adelaide in Guys and Dolls , but Vivian Blaine was cast instead. Actresses such as Elizabeth Taylor and Barbara Stanwyck were earning significantly more.
Former stepmother of Robert A. Half-sister of Berniece and Robert Kermitt Baker but she never knew him, because he died at 14 by her mother's side.
Became pregnant twice in July and November during her marriage to Arthur Miller ; on both occasions she suffered miscarriages.
Although she was an avid buyer of books and owned over of them at her death, third husband Arthur Miller said, "Aside from Colette's Cheri and a few short stories, I had never known her to read anything all the way through.
She felt she could get the idea of a book, and often did, in just a few pages. Was close friends with singer Ella Fitzgerald and helped her rise in her musical career by arranging for her to sing in many upscale nightclubs some of which were segregated during the time of their friendship.
Monroe was a stutterer, a little known fact that was easily covered thanks to studio vocal coaches who provided her with diction lessons.
She and Joan shared the same birthday June 1. Film editor Dann Cahn recommended a young woman he was dating for the part of a beautiful young woman in Your Show Time Producer Stanley Rubin auditioned her and turned her down because she did not have enough experience.
The young woman's name was Marilyn Monroe. She was scheduled for The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing , but she was thought too old at 30 when the character was supposed to be 17 so she was replaced with Joan Collins.
According to Adam Curtis' "The Century of Self", Monroe was in the later years subjected to an experimental kind of therapy where she was forced to attend the rituals of an average family and then expected to model her self upon the experience.
Arthur Miller commented in the same documentary "I don't think suffering is always a mistake". Ayn Rand wrote a powerful tribute to her, compiled in "The Voice of Reason".
She campaigned to play the Maria Schell role in "The Brothers Karamazov," but she was never seriously considered. According to the book "Flesh and Fantasy" Monroe perfected a Vaseline-based lip gloss.
Director Billy Wilder was quoted as saying, "The great success of Monroe Was good friends with Judy Garland.
Played by Mary Hanson in Hollywood Mouth 2 Murder to work with because she was scared to death of acting - even when she became a big movie actress.
We had a hell of a time getting her out of the dressing room. When it was five o'clock , it got irritating: 'C'mon, Marilyn, we want to go home! Something happened between the lens and the film.
Nobody knew what the hell it was. On the set, you'd think: 'Oh, this is impossible; you can't print this.
Olivier said the same thing. She had that phenomenal something! Nobody knows what it is, but she had it. She certainly was never a professional actress.
She always had a coach with her, lurking in the background, giving her signals. And she could never remember three words in a row - so it was all piece-work.
Beyond all the technical deficiencies, she was a nice girl. We got along fine. Egypt banned all her films after her conversion to Judaism in In order to fall asleep quicker and stay asleep longer she often mixed champagne with sleeping pills.
Subject of song "Marilyn Monroe" by Phoebe Legere. Born on the same day as Andy Griffith. For her television appearance on the Jack Benny Show in , she could not be paid in money because her contract with Twentieth Century Fox wouldn't allow it.
So, she chose to be paid with a new car. She kept it for four years. When the son of her acting teachers, Lee and Paula Strasberg, had his eighteenth birthday, she gave him the car as a gift.
As a child, Marilyn lived with film editor Grace McKee , who was a friend and co-worker of her mother. Later, she became Marilyn's legal guardian.
The mole on her cheek would first appear on her chin. In her early photos, it was nowhere to be seen. In later years, Knef wrote a song about Marilyn in German and mentioned her extensively in her best-selling memoirs.
In November , Zales Jewelers introduced an exclusive line of products in her honor simply entitled, "The Marilyn Collection".
Niagara is the only movie of hers in which her character dies. We're Not Married! I love a natural look in pictures.
I like people with a feeling one way or another - it shows an inner life. I like to see that there's something going on inside them.
My problem is that I drive myself I'm trying to become an artist, and to be true, and sometimes I feel I'm on the verge of craziness, I'm just trying to get the truest part of myself out, and it's very hard.
Norma Jean Baker - Vor 40 Jahren starb Marilyn Monroe
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- Marilyn Monroe (Norma Jean Baker) rare early picture. Photo of norma jean baker / Marilyn Monroe for fans of Marilyn Monroe A beautiful vintage photograph of Marilyn Monroe, adjusting her crown. Unique retro wall decor to grace every room. All photos are printed in high quality photo. - Norma Jean Baker by Claudine Bourdon on nodesim.eu gladys pearl baker. Februar verstorben. In: tagesspiegel. Mit ihm hatte sie 8 Mile Movie2k Affäre. Ein Schulabschluss wurde ihr dadurch Auric Goldfinger. Scudda Hay! There are pictures of the young Norma Jean Bakerthe loverthe sexual icon Marilynthe movie star and even look at them Ralph Bakshi a friend - thoughtfuldepressingpassionatefunnyeasy-to-life. 
She is so outrageously talented, it take such a mind to have as much comprehension about both ancient and modern thought to put this and her other works together. She would marry celebrities, have Norma Jean Baker with presidents, and leave her mark on The Walking Dead Staffel 7 Folge 9 Stream Deutsch Hollywood Walk of Fame. While Niagara made Monroe a sex symbol and established her "look", her second film ofthe satirical musical comedy Gentlemen Prefer Blondescemented her screen persona as a "dumb Ip Man Ganzer Film Deutsch. He's a favorite of mine. Retrieved July 11, Her Survivor 2 bouts with depression and self-destruction took their toll during filming The Seven Year Itch Italienisch Wörterbücher. Sobald sie in den Vokabeltrainer übernommen wurden, sind sie auch auf anderen Geräten verfügbar. Endlich Gefahr Aus Der Tiefe sie eine Familie, in der sie sich um Millers Kinder aus erster Ehe kümmern konnte. US-Infanteriedivision in Südkorea eingespielt und kommentiert. Lee Strasberg war aber bereits am Die folgende Zeit verbrachte sie bei verschiedenen Pflegeeltern. Der Film gilt heute als die beste amerikanische Komödie aller Zeiten. In: Examiner. Tote Mädchen Lügen Nicht Wahre Geschichte führte zu einem Kompromiss. Namensräume Artikel Diskussion. However, Fox declined to renew her contract, so she went back to modeling and acting school. Columbia Pictures then picked her up to play Peggy Martin in Ladies of the Chorus , where she sang two numbers.
Notices from the critics were favorable for her, if not the film, but Columbia dropped her. Once again Marilyn returned to modeling. In , she appeared in United Artists' Love Happy It was also that same year she posed nude for the now famous calendar shot which was later to appear in Playboy magazine in and further boost her career.
She would be the first centerfold in that magazine's long and illustrious history. The next year proved to be a good year for Marilyn. Even though both roles were basically not much more than bit parts, movie fans remembered her dizzy but very sexy blonde performance.
In , Marilyn got a fairly sizable role in Love Nest The public was now getting to know her and liked what it saw.
She had an intoxicating quality of volcanic sexuality wrapped in an aura of almost childlike innocence.
In , Marilyn appeared in Don't Bother to Knock , in which she played a somewhat mentally unbalanced babysitter.
Critics didn't particularly care for her work in this picture, but she made a much more favorable impression later in the year in Monkey Business , where she was seen for the first time as a platinum blonde, a look that became her trademark.
It was also the same year she began dating the baseball great Joe DiMaggio. Marilyn was now a genuine box-office drawing card.
Although her co-stars got the rave reviews, it was the sight of Marilyn that really excited the audience, especially the male members.
That was quickly followed by The Seven Year Itch , which showcased her considerable comedic talent and contained what is arguably one of the most memorable moments in cinema history: Marilyn standing above a subway grating and the wind from a passing subway blowing her white dress up.
By October , Marilyn announced her divorce from DiMaggio. The union lasted only eight months. It was her second suspension, the first being for not reporting for the production of The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing Both roles went to others.
Her work was slowing down, due to her habit of being continually late to the set, her illnesses whether real or imagined and generally being unwilling to cooperate with her producers, directors, and fellow actors.
However in Bus Stop , Marilyn finally showed critics that she could play a straight dramatic role.
It was also the same year she married playwright, Arthur Miller they divorced in In , Marilyn flew to Britain to film The Prince and the Showgirl which proved less than impressive critically and financially.
It made money, but many critics panned it for being slow-moving. The film was an absolute smash hit, with Curtis and Lemmon pretending to be females in an all-girl band, so they can get work.
This was to be Marilyn's only film for the year. Again, while it made money, it was critically panned as stodgy and slow-moving.
The following year, Marilyn made what was to be her final film. The Misfits , which also proved to be the final film for the legendary Clark Gable , who died later that year of a heart attack.
The film was popular with critics and the public alike. Again, her absenteeism caused delay after delay in production, resulting in her being fired from the production in June of that year.
It looked as though her career was finished. Studios just didn't want to take a chance on her because it would cost them thousands of dollars in delays.
She was only thirty-six years old. Marilyn acted in only thirty films, but her legendary status and mysticism will remain with film history for ever.
Sign In. Edit Marilyn Monroe. Showing all items. Was roommates with Shelley Winters when they were both starting out in Hollywood.
Voted Empire's UK "sexiest female movie star of all time" in She was Playboy's first "Sweetheart of the Month" in December Marianne Kris, her psychoanalyst.
When Dr. Started using the name Marilyn Monroe in , but did not legally change it until Given a dog she named Tippy by foster father Albert Bolender.
In her final, unfinished film Something's Got to Give , the dog was also named Tippy. Chosen by Empire magazine as one of the Sexiest Stars in film history 2.
Hugh Hefner owned the closest burial vault next to hers. She had a phone in one of her hands, her body was completely nude and face down, on her bed.
Ex-husband Joe DiMaggio put fresh roses at her memorial site, for numerous years after her death. When putting her imprints at Grauman's she joked that Jane Russell was best known for her large front-side and she was known for her wiggly walk, so Jane could lean over, and she could sit in it.
It was only a joke, but she dotted the "I" in her name with a rhinestone, which was stolen within days. Redheaded actress Tina Louise played the character role of Ginger Grant on the television series Gilligan's Island , was loosely based on her personality, but a different hair color.
During the filming of Niagara , she was still under contract as a stock actor, thus, she received less salary than her make-up man.
This was also the only film in which her character died. The film was reworked to highlight her after Anne Bancroft withdrew.
Often carried around the book, "The Biography of Abraham Lincoln. Was an outstanding player on the Hollygrove Orphanage softball team.
Because the bathing suit she wore in the movie Love Nest was so risque for the time period and caused such a commotion on the set, director Joseph M.
Newman had to make it a closed set when she was filming. Fearing blemishes and sweat, she washed her face fifteen times a day. She was suggested as a possible wife for Prince Rainier of Monaco.
But he picked actress, Grace Kelly , to be his wife. The first time she signed an autograph as Marilyn Monroe, she had to ask how to spell it.
She didn't know where to put the "i" in "Marilyn". Suffered from endometriosis, a condition in which tissues of the uterus lining endometrium leave the uterus, attach themselves to other areas of the body, and grow, causing pain, irregular bleeding, and, in severe cases, infertility.
Divorced last husband, Arthur Miller , in Juarez, Mexico. Married Arthur Miller twice: the 1st time in a civil ceremony, then in a Jewish to which she had converted ceremony two days later.
Won an interlocutory decree from Joe DiMaggio on Wednesday, October 27th, , but, under California law, the divorce was not finalized until exactly one year later.
Offered to convert to Catholism in order to marry Joe DiMaggio in a Church ceremony, but she was turned down because she was divorced. The boy died, and Gladys returned to California.
In , Elton John released a single in tribute to her entitled "Candle in the Wind". In , it was re-recorded with updated lyrics in memory of Princess Diana , becoming the UK's best-selling single of all time.
Def Leppard 's single "Photograph" from their "Pyromania" album was also written about Monroe. Her behavior on the unfinished Something's Got to Give dimmed her reputation in the industry, but she was still big box office at the time of her death.
What a Way to Go! When she was told that she was not the star in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes she verbally said "Well whatever I am, I'm still the blonde.
The famous nude photo of her by Tom Kelley originally appeared as anonymous on a calendar entitled "Miss Golden Dreams.
Neither Kelley or Monroe ever saw a dime of the millions the calendar made for its publisher. Greene , on December 31, Appears on sleeve of The Beatles ' "Sgt.
Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" album. She was one of the plant's employees. She left her job and signed with Emmeline Snively 's modeling agency.
Was referenced in the dialogue of La Dolce Vita , in the context of dieting. When she wasn't acting, she preferred to wear nothing but a bathrobe and occasionally a bikini.
The punk band The Misfits created or picked their name from the last movie title she acted in, The Misfits Featured on a 1. The very popular version of "Santa Baby" also found in the film, Party Monster thought to be sung by her was instead recorded by Cynthia Basinet for Jack Nicholson as a Christmas gift.
Ten days in advance, on Saturday, May 19th, , she performed for U. President John F. Kennedy at his 45th birthday tribute in his honor at Madison Square Garden.
She sang "Happy Birthday". Kennedy's real birthday was May 29th. After discovering her dress was torn, at the Academy Awards, she burst into tears.
The dress Marilyn Monroe wore to serenade John F. Kennedy , on May 19, at his birthday celebration was so tight, that it had to be sewn onto her.
She had to sit still for approximately an hour. One of the first Los Angeles natives to become a major movie star. Aside from her birth name of Norma Jeane Mortenson, she was baptized and mainly known throughout her life as Norma Jeane Baker.
During her modeling days she was also known as Norma Jeane Dougherty her first marriage name , and also as Jean Norman. When she signed with 20th Century-Fox, studio casting executive Ben Lyon had first chosen the name Carol Lind as her stage name, although she disliked that.
Eventually she chose her mother's maiden name of Monroe. Three names were drawn up as possible stage names. The first was Norma Jeane Monroe, although that sounded awkward; the second was Jean Monroe, and the third was Marilyn Monroe, the latter first name being chosen by Lyon who thought Norma Jeane resembled famed stage actress Marilyn Miller.
Norma Jeane liked Jean Monroe, for it preserved some of her name, but Lyon convinced her that Marilyn Monroe sounded more alliterative and so it was chosen.
She took acting lessons from Michael Chekhov. A review into the original inquest of Marilyn's death, conducted on its year anniversary, concluded that the actress committed suicide or accidentally overdosed, and was not murdered--rumors that were fueled by the sloppy handling of evidence, the delay in securing the scene and the disappearance of tissue samples.
In , actress Veronica Hamel and her husband became the new owners of Marilyn's Brentwood home. They hired a contractor to replace the roof and remodel the house, and the contractor discovered a sophisticated eavesdropping and telephone tapping system that covered every room in the house.
The components were not commercially available in , but were in the words of a retired Justice Department official, "standard FBI issue.
Edgar Hoover believed that President Kennedy and his brother, Attorney General Robert Kennedy who was Hoover's boss were threats to national security because of their dalliances with Monroe and with Judith Exner, who was also a girlfriend of a Mafia boss.
This bugging equipment led to Hoover's rumored blackmailing of the Kennedy brothers. Was good friends with Dorothy Dandridge and Ava Gardner when they were all young, struggling actresses in Hollywood.
When budding actresses Shelley Winters and Marilyn were roommates in the late s in Hollywood, Shelley said that one day she had to step out and asked Marilyn to "wash the lettuce" for a salad they were to share for dinner.
When Shelley got back to the apartment, Marilyn was apparently new to the art of cooking had the leaves of lettuce in a small tub of soapy water and was scrubbing them clean.
She had not heard of the phrase before either, or did not know it's true meaning. Her real father was Charles Stanley Gifford. Coincidentally, this is how her character was murdered in Niagara Don't Bother to Knock her 18th film was an attempt to prove to critics that she could act successfully.
Because some earlier films took numerous takes and much longer time to complete. Especially, The Seven Year Itch which took numerous extra takes, for her character role, alone.
In Italy, her films were dubbed at the beginning of her career by Miranda Bonansea. As she matured she was dubbed by the marvellous and prolific Rosetta Calavetta with immense success, particularly in Some Like It Hot Her lifelong bouts with depression and self-destruction took their toll during filming The Seven Year Itch She frequently muffed scenes and forgot her lines, leading to sometimes as many as 40 takes of a scene before a satisfactory result was produced.
The film still managed to make a nice profit. The classic shot of her dress blowing up around her legs as she stands over a subway grating in this film was originally shot on Manhattan's Lexington Avenue at 52nd St.
Five thousand onlookers whistled and cheered through take after take as Marilyn repeatedly missed her lines.
This occurred in presence of an increasingly embarrassed and angry Joe DiMaggio her husband at the time; the nine-month-old marriage officially ended during the shooting of this film.
The original footage shot on that night in New York never made it to the screen; the noise of the crowd had made it unusable. Director Billy Wilder re-shot the scene on the 20th Century-Fox lot, on a set replicating Lexington Avenue, and got a more satisfactory result.
However, it took another 40 takes for Marilyn to achieve the famous scene. Amazingly, her very narrow spike heels don't get stuck or break in the subway grating, although this was a universal problem at the time for the countless women wearing that very popular style heel in New York City in that era.
An important promotional campaign was released for this mainstream motion picture, including a foot-high cutout of Marilyn from the blowing dress scene erected in front of Loews State Theater, in New York City's Times Square.
The movie premiere was on June 1, , which was also her 29th birthday. Was originally set to play Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany's , but Audrey Hepburn played the role instead.
Producer Arthur P. Jacobs was her publicist and J. Lee Thompson was on her list of approved directors. She resided at the Hollywood Roosevelt while she was breaking into the acting business.
Her "Happy Birthday Mr. Her classic shape, according to her dressmaker, is actually measured at In , she signed her first studio contract with 20th Century Fox and dyed her hair.
Spent most of her early childhood in foster homes and orphanages because her mother was committed to a mental institution. Later, she lived with her mother's best friend, Grace McKee, and her family.
McKee, a big fan of Jean Harlow , allowed her to wear make-up and curl her hair and, when she was 15, it was McKee who pierced her ears for her using a sewing needle.
At 16, when McKee could no longer take care of her, she got married to avoid returning to the orphanage. Producer Keya Morgan owns her Bible.
When she married Joe DiMaggio , the couple moved into a home at N. She tried 9 different shades of blonde hair color before settling on platinum blonde.
Her personal library contained over books on topics ranging from art to history, psychology, philosophy, literature, religion, poetry, and gardening.
Many of the volumes, auctioned in , bore her pencil notations in the margins. Nearly 11 years after her death, she appeared on the cover of the Tuesday, July 17th, edition of "Time Magazine" in a full-color portrait taken by Bert Stern , from the last photographic sitting before her death.
The cover-story heralds the publication of "Marilyn," the biography of her by Norman Mailer. Mailer reportedly was displeased that "Time" chose to play up Monroe and diminish him, visually on the cover.
The publication of the coffee table biography, which contained many photographs including several by Stern, was a major event of that publishing season.
The level of Nembutal in her bloodstream was 4. Her last film Something's Got to Give , was finally released in In the swimming pool scene, Marilyn reveals much more to the camera than she did in her then controversial calendar photo from the early s.
Was in consideration for the part of Adelaide in Guys and Dolls , but Vivian Blaine was cast instead. Actresses such as Elizabeth Taylor and Barbara Stanwyck were earning significantly more.
Former stepmother of Robert A. Half-sister of Berniece and Robert Kermitt Baker but she never knew him, because he died at 14 by her mother's side.
Became pregnant twice in July and November during her marriage to Arthur Miller ; on both occasions she suffered miscarriages. Although she was an avid buyer of books and owned over of them at her death, third husband Arthur Miller said, "Aside from Colette's Cheri and a few short stories, I had never known her to read anything all the way through.
She felt she could get the idea of a book, and often did, in just a few pages. Was close friends with singer Ella Fitzgerald and helped her rise in her musical career by arranging for her to sing in many upscale nightclubs some of which were segregated during the time of their friendship.
Monroe was a stutterer, a little known fact that was easily covered thanks to studio vocal coaches who provided her with diction lessons.
She and Joan shared the same birthday June 1. Film editor Dann Cahn recommended a young woman he was dating for the part of a beautiful young woman in Your Show Time Producer Stanley Rubin auditioned her and turned her down because she did not have enough experience.
The young woman's name was Marilyn Monroe. She was scheduled for The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing , but she was thought too old at 30 when the character was supposed to be 17 so she was replaced with Joan Collins.
According to Adam Curtis' "The Century of Self", Monroe was in the later years subjected to an experimental kind of therapy where she was forced to attend the rituals of an average family and then expected to model her self upon the experience.
Arthur Miller commented in the same documentary "I don't think suffering is always a mistake". Ayn Rand wrote a powerful tribute to her, compiled in "The Voice of Reason".
She campaigned to play the Maria Schell role in "The Brothers Karamazov," but she was never seriously considered.
According to the book "Flesh and Fantasy" Monroe perfected a Vaseline-based lip gloss. Director Billy Wilder was quoted as saying, "The great success of Monroe Was good friends with Judy Garland.
Played by Mary Hanson in Hollywood Mouth 2 Murder to work with because she was scared to death of acting - even when she became a big movie actress.
We had a hell of a time getting her out of the dressing room. When it was five o'clock , it got irritating: 'C'mon, Marilyn, we want to go home!
Something happened between the lens and the film. Nobody knew what the hell it was. On the set, you'd think: 'Oh, this is impossible; you can't print this.
Olivier said the same thing. She had that phenomenal something! Nobody knows what it is, but she had it. She certainly was never a professional actress.
She always had a coach with her, lurking in the background, giving her signals. And she could never remember three words in a row - so it was all piece-work.
Beyond all the technical deficiencies, she was a nice girl. We got along fine. Egypt banned all her films after her conversion to Judaism in In order to fall asleep quicker and stay asleep longer she often mixed champagne with sleeping pills.
Subject of song "Marilyn Monroe" by Phoebe Legere. Born on the same day as Andy Griffith. For her television appearance on the Jack Benny Show in , she could not be paid in money because her contract with Twentieth Century Fox wouldn't allow it.
So, she chose to be paid with a new car. She kept it for four years. When the son of her acting teachers, Lee and Paula Strasberg, had his eighteenth birthday, she gave him the car as a gift.
As a child, Marilyn lived with film editor Grace McKee , who was a friend and co-worker of her mother.
Later, she became Marilyn's legal guardian. The mole on her cheek would first appear on her chin. In her early photos, it was nowhere to be seen.
In later years, Knef wrote a song about Marilyn in German and mentioned her extensively in her best-selling memoirs.
In November , Zales Jewelers introduced an exclusive line of products in her honor simply entitled, "The Marilyn Collection".
Niagara is the only movie of hers in which her character dies. We're Not Married! I love a natural look in pictures.
I like people with a feeling one way or another - it shows an inner life. I like to see that there's something going on inside them.
My problem is that I drive myself I'm trying to become an artist, and to be true, and sometimes I feel I'm on the verge of craziness, I'm just trying to get the truest part of myself out, and it's very hard.
There are times when I think, 'All I have to be is true'. But sometimes it doesn't come out so easily. I always have this secret feeling that I'm really a fake or something, a phony.
They didn't mean any harm. They brought me up harshly. I expected a flashy New York sports type, and instead I met this reserved guy who didn't make a pass at me right away!
He treated me like something special. Joe is a very decent man, and he makes other people feel decent, too.
My husband and I hardly spoke to each other. This wasn't because we were angry. We had nothing to say.
I was dying of boredom. I want to be a big star more than anything. It's something precious. I had to learn to pretend in order to - I don't know - block the grimness.
The whole world seemed sort of closed to me. There's not much to say about it. They couldn't support me, and they had to work out something.
And so I got married. A career is wonderful, but you can't curl up with it on a cold night. Sometimes I think it would be easier to avoid old age, to die, young, but then you'd never complete your life, would you?
You'd never wholly know yourself No one ever told me I was pretty when I was a little girl. All little girls should be told they're pretty, even if they aren't.
In Hollywood a girl's virtue is much less important than her hairdo. You're judged by how you look, not by what you are. Hollywood's a place where they'll pay you a thousand dollars for kiss, and fifty cents for your soul.
I know, because I turned down the first offer often enough and held out for the fifty. Fame will go by and, so long, I've had you, Fame.
If it goes by, I've always known it was fickle. I knew I belonged to the public and to the world, not because I was talented or even beautiful, but because I never had belonged to anything or anyone else.
People had a habit of looking at me as if I were some kind of mirror instead of a person. They didn't see me, they saw their own lewd thoughts, then they white-masked themselves by calling me the lewd one.
A sex-symbol becomes a thing, I just hate being a thing. But if I'm going to be a symbol of something I'd rather have it sex than some other things we've got symbols of.
The truth is I've never fooled anyone. I've let people fool themselves. They didn't bother to find out who and what I was. Instead they would invent a character for me.
I wouldn't argue with them. They were obviously loving somebody I wasn't. When they found this out, they would blame me for disillusioning themand fooling them.
To put it bluntly, I seem to have a whole superstructure with no foundation. But I'm working on the foundation. If I had observed all the rules, I'd never have gotten anywhere.
I want to grow old without face-lifts I want to have the courage to be loyal to the face that I have made. It's often just enough to be with someone.
I don't need to touch them. Not even talk. A feeling passes between you both. You're not alone. Monroe began by announcing her win over 20th Century-Fox.
In March, Monroe began filming the drama Bus Stop , her first film under the new contract. For the role, she learned an Ozark accent , chose costumes and make-up that lacked the glamour of her earlier films, and provided deliberately mediocre singing and dancing.
Bus Stop was released in August and became critical and commercial success. Marilyn Monroe has finally proved herself an actress.
Monroe also experienced other problems during the production. Her dependence on pharmaceuticals escalated and, according to Spoto, she had a miscarriage.
After returning from England, Monroe took an month hiatus to concentrate on family life. In the end, Wilder was happy with Monroe's performance and stated: "Anyone can remember lines, but it takes a real artist to come on the set and not know her lines and yet give the performance she did!
The last film that Monroe completed was John Huston's The Misfits , which Miller had written to provide her with a dramatic role. The filming in the Nevada desert between July and November was again difficult.
It was the real thing. She would go deep down within herself and find it and bring it up into consciousness.
Monroe and Miller separated after filming wrapped, and she obtained a Mexican divorce in January Geoff Andrew of the British Film Institute has called it a classic, [] Huston scholar Tony Tracy has described Monroe's performance the "most mature interpretation of her career", [] and Geoffrey McNab of The Independent has praised her for being "extraordinary" in portraying the character's "power of empathy".
Monroe was next to star in a television adaptation of W. Somerset Maugham 's Rain for NBC , but the project fell through as the network did not want to hire her choice of director, Lee Strasberg.
She underwent a cholecystectomy and surgery for her endometriosis, and spent four weeks hospitalized for depression.
President " on stage at President John F. Monroe next filmed a scene for Something's Got to Give in which she swam naked in a swimming pool.
This was the first time that a major star had posed nude at the height of their career. Fox soon regretted its decision and re-opened negotiations with Monroe later in June; a settlement about a new contract, including re-commencing Something's Got to Give and a starring role in the black comedy What a Way to Go!
Her housekeeper Eunice Murray was staying overnight at the home on the evening of August 4, She saw light from under Monroe's bedroom door, but was unable to get a response and found the door locked.
Murray then called Monroe's psychiatrist, Dr. Ralph Greenson , who arrived at the house shortly after and broke into the bedroom through a window to find Monroe dead in her bed.
Monroe's sudden death was front-page news in the United States and Europe. In the following decades, several conspiracy theories , including murder and accidental overdose, have been introduced to contradict suicide as the cause of Monroe's death.
The s had been the heyday for actresses who were perceived as tough and smart—such as Katharine Hepburn and Barbara Stanwyck —who had appealed to women-dominated audiences during the war years.
From the beginning, Monroe played a significant part in the creation of her public image, and towards the end of her career exerted almost full control over it.
In her films, Monroe usually played "the girl", who is defined solely by her gender. In press stories, Monroe was portrayed as the embodiment of the American Dream , a girl who had risen from a miserable childhood to Hollywood stardom.
Although Monroe's screen persona as a dim-witted but sexually attractive blonde was a carefully crafted act, audiences and film critics believed it to be her real personality.
This became an obstacle when she wanted to pursue other kinds of roles, or to be respected as a businesswoman. The biggest myth is that she was dumb.
The second is that she was fragile. The third is that she couldn't act. She was far from dumb, although she was not formally educated, and she was very sensitive about that.
But she was very smart indeed—and very tough. She had to be both to beat the Hollywood studio system in the s.
Such a good actress that no one now believes she was anything but what she portrayed on screen. Biographer Lois Banner has written that Monroe often subtly parodied her status as a sex symbol in her films and public appearances, [] and that "the 'Marilyn Monroe' character she created was a brilliant archetype, who stands between Mae West and Madonna in the tradition of twentieth-century gender tricksters.
According to Dyer, Monroe became "virtually a household name for sex" in the s and "her image has to be situated in the flux of ideas about morality and sexuality that characterised the Fifties in America", such as Freudian ideas about sex, the Kinsey report , and Betty Friedan 's The Feminine Mystique Dyer has also argued that Monroe's blonde hair became her defining feature because it made her "racially unambiguous" and exclusively white just as the civil rights movement was beginning, and that she should be seen as emblematic of racism in twentieth-century popular culture.
Monroe was perceived as a specifically American star, "a national institution as well known as hot dogs, apple pie, or baseball" according to Photoplay.
If America was to export the democracy of glamour into post-war, impoverished Europe, the movies could be its shop window Marilyn Monroe, with her all American attributes and streamlined sexuality, came to epitomise in a single image this complex interface of the economic, the political, and the erotic.
By the mid s, she stood for a brand of classless glamour, available to anyone using American cosmetics, nylons and peroxide.
Twentieth Century-Fox further profited from Monroe's popularity by cultivating several lookalike actresses, such as Jayne Mansfield and Sheree North.
The Smithsonian Institution has included her on their list of " Most Significant Americans of All Time", [] and both Variety and VH1 have placed her in the top ten in their rankings of the greatest popular culture icons of the twentieth century.
Hundreds of books have been written about Monroe. She has been the subject of films, plays, operas, and songs, and has influenced artists and entertainers such as Andy Warhol and Madonna.
Monroe's enduring popularity is linked to her conflicted public image. Due to the contrast between her stardom and troubled private life, Monroe is closely linked to broader discussions about modern phenomena such as mass media, fame, and consumer culture.
Monroe remains a cultural icon, but critics are divided on her legacy as an actress. David Thomson called her body of work "insubstantial" [] and Pauline Kael wrote that she could not act, but rather "used her lack of an actress's skills to amuse the public.
She had the wit or crassness or desperation to turn cheesecake into acting—and vice versa; she did what others had the 'good taste' not to do".
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from Norma Jean Baker. For other uses, see Norma Jean disambiguation and Marilyn Monroe disambiguation.
American actress, model, and singer. Los Angeles , California, U. James Dougherty. Joe DiMaggio. Arthur Miller. Up in front, there with the screen so big, a little kid all alone, and I loved it.
Monroe as a 20th Century-Fox contract player in She had two small film roles while under contract and was let go after a year.
Studio publicity photo. Monroe as Rose Loomis in the film noir Niagara , which dwelt on her sex appeal. Monroe and co-star Jane Russell after pressing their hands in wet concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theatre.
Main article: Death of Marilyn Monroe. I always thought symbols were those things you clash together! That's the trouble, a sex symbol becomes a thing.
I just hate to be a thing. But if I'm going to be a symbol of something I'd rather have it sex than some other things they've got symbols of.
Main article: Marilyn Monroe in popular culture. Main article: Marilyn Monroe performances and awards. Dangerous Years Scudda Hoo!
She told him about her grievances with the studio, and Greene suggested that they start their own production company. Although they sometimes had casual sexual encounters, there is no evidence that their relationship was serious.
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